The Relationship between CO2 Emissions, Air Pollution, and Tourism Flows in China: A Panel Data Analysis of Chinese Provinces

This study quantitatively investigated the relationship between climate change (proxied by CO2 emissions), air pollution PM2.5 concentration levels and PM10 SO2 tourism flows inbound domestic tourist arrivals) using panel data for 30 Chinese provinces from 2010 to 2017. The results demonstrate a long-term equilibrium emissions, variables, (including number of tourists). model show that emissions have an opposite effect on arrivals, while tourists positively affect emissions. level all negative tourists. There is bidirectional causality which means arrivals two-way effect. A one-way running was found. Moreover, we also found arrivals. Variance decomposition function suggest stronger effects in long term, power explaining innovations movements do significantly run. provides theoretical implications guidance achieving healthy sustainable industry.